In order to make the heat forming successful, the titanium plate manufacturer must choose the appropriate heating temperature, holding time, and forming pressure. The pressure exerted on the parts during thermal calibration, as long as the parts can be pressed and pasted in the mold, no matter how high the pressure is, will have little effect on the branch shape and may cause the mold and workbench to be deformed. Therefore, the main factors affecting the effect of thermal correction are temperature and time, and temperature is the decisive factor. In order to satisfactorily eliminate spring back, it can only be done at a certain temperature. The so-called thermal specification is mainly to determine the temperature and time of the correction. In a nutshell, a suitable thermal specification for the forming of a certain titanium plate must ensure that the part meets the following basic requirements after the shape is corrected:
1. The parts are molded well and basically do not need manual trimming. The shape, size, and surface quality meet the inspection requirements of titanium plate parts.
2. The mechanical properties of the material are basically stable, and the main performance indicators at room temperature and service temperature meet the regulations.
3. The residual stress inside the part is basically eliminated.
The average hydrogen content of the material after thermal adjustment shall not exceed the allowable value of 150p. p. m.
4. The total thickness of oxide skin and air-permeable layer shall not exceed half of the allowable negative deviation of sheet thickness.
5. There is no change in the metallographic structure of the material, and there is no obvious growth and overheating of the grain.
6. Under the premise of meeting the above requirements, the temperature should be as low as possible and the time should be as short as possible, and the pressure should ensure that the parts can be pressed.
Forming accuracy is the most basic requirement for parts pressing and forming, and it is the main index to measure whether the temperature and time specifications are appropriate. The method of judging the forming accuracy is to measure the degree of non-sticking of the part after it is cooled to room temperature, that is, the size of the remaining spring back.
To sum up, under the premise of basically maintaining the forming accuracy, titanium alloy manufacturers can preliminarily determine the specifications for the thermal correction of titanium plates.
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